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Operation Plunder
Beginning on the night of 23 March 1945, Operation Plunder was the crossing of the River Rhine at Rees, Wesel, and south of the Lippe River by the British 2nd Army, under Lieutenant-General Miles Dempsey (Operations ''Turnscrew'', ''Widgeon'', and ''Torchlight''), and the U.S. Ninth Army (Operation ''Flashpoint''), under Lieutenant General William Simpson. XVIII U.S. Airborne Corps, consisting of the British 6th Airborne Division and the U.S. 17th Airborne Division, conducted ''Operation Varsity'', parachute landings on the east bank in support of the operation. All of these formations were part of the 21st Army Group under Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery. This was part of a coordinated set of Rhine crossings.
==Background==
Preparations (accumulation of supplies, road construction and the transport of 36 Royal Navy landing craft) were hidden by a massive smoke screen from 16 March. The operation commenced on the night of 23 March 1945. It included the ''Varsity'' parachute and glider landings near Wesel, and ''Operation Archway'', by the Special Air Service. The landing areas were flooded, deserted farmland rising to woodland.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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